The diversity, abundance and distribution of the flora that occurs on North Head is a result of the combination of several environmental influences including; soil type, topography, climate, marine (salt spray), isolation, fire history and human disturbance. Local extinctions of flora have occurred on North Head since European settlement.

The field survey of North Head used a variety of techniques including formal quadrat sampling, extensive opportunistic species identification, aerial photograph interpretation and targeted searches for threatened species.

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